According to what narrations tell us about this verse, God’s good pleasure in the Pledge of Ridwan is made conditional on not opposing the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) and on adhering completely to whatever he commanded.
Verse 10 of Surah al-Fath
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يُبَايِعُونَكَ إِنَّمَا يُبَايِعُونَ ٱللَّهَ يَدُ ٱللَّهِ فَوْقَ أَيْدِيهِمْ ۚ فَمَن نَّكَثَ فَإِنَّمَا يَنكُثُ عَلَىٰ نَفْسِهِۦ ۖ وَمَنْ أَوْفَىٰ بِمَا عَـٰهَدَ عَلَيْهُ ٱللَّهَ فَسَيُؤْتِيهِ أَجْرًا عَظِيمًۭا ١٠
“Surely those who pledge allegiance to you ˹O Prophet˺ are actually pledging allegiance to Allah. Allah’s Hand is over theirs. Whoever breaks their pledge, it will only be to their own loss. And whoever fulfils their pledge to Allah, He will grant them a great reward”.
In the al-Ghadir pilgrimage supplication, Imam al-Hadi (peace be upon him) describes Amir al-Muminin (peace be upon him) as having a special status.
One passage from the Al-Ghadir pilgrimage supplication reads: You fulfilled all your obligations to God because I testify that you delivered everything to God Who fulfills His promises to you. Whoever honors his commitments to God will receive a major reward because of his honor.
Verse 10 of Surah al-Fath has become classified as an Alawi verse in the Holy Quran because it deals with allegiance issues and it has been cited in commentaries that focus on Amir al-Muminin (peace be upon him). The exegetes established this pledge of allegiance as the core of Islam because they identified Amir al-Muminin (peace be upon him) as the primary authority who should be obeyed.
Imam al-Hasan al-Askari (peace be upon him) mentioned this Surah al-Fath verse according to his father Imam al-Hadi (peace be upon him) who said the following during Eid al-Ghadir when al-Mutasim summoned him to perform visitation of Amir al-Muminin (peace be upon him):
“The visitation should begin at the noble dome entrance which requires reciting the prayer to obtain entry permission before one enters. The visitor should enter with the right foot and move toward the sarcophagus while facing it. The visitor should address the following words to the audience: … You maintained your covenant with God and Allah fulfilled his promises to you which led to your receiving divine rewards. I bear witness that you remained faithful to the covenant of God, and Allah in turn, fulfilled His covenant with you; ‘And whoever fulfills his covenant with Allah, He will give him a great reward.’ I bear witness that you are truly Amir al-Muminin (peace be upon him)-the one concerning whose guardianship God has spoken in the Quran, and the one for whom the Messenger of God (peace be upon him and his family) took a covenant and pledge from the nation.”
